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Sahih al-Bukhari 4962

The Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) said, “ Horses are kept for one of three purposes: A man may keep them (for Allah’s Cause) to receive a reward in the Hereafter; another may keep…

Abu Hurayrahnarrated it
Sahihgraded sahih
6names in the chain
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حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، حَدَّثَنَا مَالِكٌ، عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ أَسْلَمَ، عَنْ أَبِي صَالِحٍ السَّمَّانِ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رضى الله عنه

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «الْخَيْلُ لِثَلَاثَةٍ، لِرَجُلٍ أَجْرٌ، وَلِرَجُلٍ سِتْرٌ، وَعَلَى رَجُلٍ وِزْرٌ، فَأَمَّا الَّذِي لَهُ أَجْرٌ فَرَجُلٌ رَبَطَهَا فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ فَأَطَالَ لَهَا فِي مَرْجٍ أَوْ رَوْضَةٍ، فَمَا أَصَابَتْ فِي طِيَلِهَا ذَلِكَ فِي الْمَرْجِ وَالرَّوْضَةِ،

كَانَ لَهُ حَسَنَاتٍ، وَلَوْ أَنَّهَا قَطَعَتْ طِيَلَهَا فَاسْتَنَّتْ شَرَفًا أَوْ شَرَفَيْنِ كَانَتْ آثَارُهَا وَأَرْوَاثُهَا حَسَنَاتٍ لَهُ، وَلَوْ أَنَّهَا مَرَّتْ بِنَهَرٍ فَشَرِبَتْ مِنْهُ وَلَمْ يُرِدْ أَنْ يَسْقِيَ بِهِ كَانَ ذَلِكَ حَسَنَاتٍ لَهُ فَهْىَ لِذَلِكَ الرَّجُلِ أَجْرٌ، وَرَجُلٌ رَبَطَهَا تَغَنِّيًا وَتَعَفُّفًا وَلَمْ يَنْسَ حَقَّ اللَّهِ فِي رِقَابِهَا وَلَا ظُهُورِهَا فَهْىَ لَهُ سِتْرٌ، وَرَجُلٌ رَبَطَهَا فَخْرًا وَرِئَاءً وَنِوَاءً فَهْىَ عَلَى ذَلِكَ وِزْرٌ.

فَسُئِلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنِ الْحُمُرِ. قَالَ: «مَا أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَلَىَّ فِيهَا إِلاَّ هَذِهِ الآيَةَ الْفَاذَّةَ الْجَامِعَةَ «فَمَنْ يَعْمَلْ مِثْقَالَ ذَرَّةٍ خَيْرًا يَرَهُ * وَمَنْ يَعْمَلْ مِثْقَالَ ذَرَّةٍ شَرًّا يَرَهُ»

The Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) said, “ Horses are kept for one of three purposes: A man may keep them (for Allah’s Cause) to receive a reward in the Hereafter; another may keep them as a means of protection; and a third may keep them to be a burden for him. As for the man for whom the horse is a source of reward, he is the one who ties it for Allah’s Cause, and he ties it with a long rope in a pasture or a garden, then, whatever it eats or drinks in that pasture or garden will be added to his good deeds.

And if it breaks its rope and jumps over one or two hills, then, for all its footsteps and its manure, good deeds will be written for him. And if it passes by a river and drinks of its water though its owner had no intention to water it from that river, even then he will have good deeds written for him. So that horse will be (a source of) reward for such a man.

If a man ties a horse for earning his livelihood and abstaining from asking others for help and he does not forget Allah’s right, i.e. pays its Zakat and gives it to be used in Allah’s Cause, then that horse will be a means of protection for him. But if a man ties it out of pride and to show off and to excite others, then that horse will be a burden (of sins) for him.”

Then the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) was asked regarding donkeys. He replied, “Nothing has been revealed to me except this comprehensive Verse which includes everything: ‘So whoever does good equal to the weight of an atom (or a smallest ant) shall see it; and whoever does evil equal to the weight of an atom (or a smallest ant) shall see it.’”

আবূ হুরাইরাহ (রাঃ) হতে বর্ণিত। তিনি বলেন, রাসূলুল্লাহ্ সাল্লাল্লাহু ‘আলাইহি ওয়াসাল্লাম বলেছেন, তিন শ্রেণীর মানুষের ঘোড়া থাকে। এক শ্রেণীর মানুষের জন্য তা সওয়াব ও পুরস্কারের কারণ হয়, এক শ্রেণীর মানুষের জন্য তা (গুনাহ্ থেকে) আবরণস্বরূপ এবং এক শ্রেণীর মানুষের প্রতি তা হয় গুনাহর কারণ। যার জন্য তা সওয়াবের কারণ হয়, তারা সেসব লোক, যারা আল্লাহর পথে জিহাদের জন্য তা প্রস্তুত করে রাখে এবং কোন চারণ ক্ষেত্রে বা বাগানে লম্বা দড়ি দিয়ে তাকে বেঁধে রাখে।

দড়ির আওতায় চারণ ক্ষেত্রে বা বাগানে সে যা কিছু খায় তা ঐ ব্যক্তির জন্য নেকী হিসাবে গণ্য হয়। যদি ঘোড়াটি দড়ি ছিঁড়ে ফেলে এবং নিজ স্থান পার হয়ে এক/দু’ উঁচু স্থানে চলে যায়, তাহলে তার পদচিহ্ন ও গোবরের বিনিময়েও ঐ ব্যক্তি সওয়াব লাভ করবে। আর ঘোড়াটি যদি কোন নহরের কিনারায় গিয়ে নিজে নিজেই পানি পান করে নেয়-মালিকের সেখান থেকে পানি পান করানোর ইচ্ছা না থাকলেও সে ব্যক্তি এর বিনিময়ে সওয়াবের অধিকারী হবে।

এ ঘোড়া এ ব্যক্তির জন্য হল সওয়াবের কারণ; আরেক শ্রেণীর লোক যাদের জন্য এ ঘোড়া (গুনাহ্ হতে) আড়াল, তারা ঐ ব্যক্তি যারা মানুষের থেকে মুখাপেক্ষী না থাকার জন্য এবং মানুষের কাছে হাত পাতা থেকে বেঁচে থাকার জন্য তা পালন করে থাকে। কিন্তু তাতে আল্লাহর যে হক রয়েছেতা দিয়ে ভুলে যায় না। এ শ্রেণীর মানুষের জন্য এ ঘোড়া হচ্ছে পর্দা।

আরেক শ্রেণীর ঘোড়ার মালিক যারা গর্ব দেখানোর মনোভাব ও দুশমনির উদ্দেশে ঘোড়া রাখে। এ ঘোড়া হচ্ছে গুনাহর কারণ। এরপর রাসূলুল্লাহ্ সাল্লাল্লাহু ‘আলাইহি ওয়াসাল্লাম-কে গাধা সম্পর্কে জিজ্ঞেস করা হলে তিনি বললেন, একক ও ব্যাপক অর্থবোধক এ একটি মাত্র আয়াত ব্যতীত এ বিষয়ে আল্লাহ্ তা‘আলা আমার প্রতি আর কোন আয়াত অবতীর্ণ করেননি।

আয়াতটি এইঃ ‘‘কেউ অণু পরিমাণ সৎকর্ম করলে সে তা দেখবে এবং অণু পরিমাণ অসৎকর্ম করলে সে তাও দেখবে’’- (সূরাহ যিলযাল ৯৯/৭-৮)। [২৩৭১]

ہم سے اسماعیل بن عبداللہ نے بیان کیا، کہا ہم سے امام مالک نے بیان کیا، ان سے زید بن اسلم نے، ان سے ابوصالح سمان نے اور ان سے ابوہریرہ رضی اللہ عنہ نے کہ رسول اللہ صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم نے فرمایا کہ گھوڑا تین طرح کے لوگ تین قسم کے پالتے ہیں۔ ایک شخص کے لیے وہ اجر ہوتا ہے دوسرے کے لیے وہ معافی ہے، تیسرے کے لیے عذاب ہے۔

جس کے لیے وہ اجر و ثواب ہے وہ شخص ہے جو اسے اللہ کے راستہ میں جہاد کی نیت سے پالتا ہے۔ چراگاہ یا اس کے بجائے راوی نے یہ کہا باغ میں اس کی رسی کو دراز کر دیتا ہے اور وہ گھوڑا چراگاہ یا باغ میں اپنی رسی تڑا لے اور ایک دو کوڑے ( پھینکنے کی دوری ) تک اپنی حد سے آگے بڑھ گیا تو اس کے نشانات قدم اور اس کی لید بھی مالک کے لیے ثواب بن جاتی ہے اور اگر کسی نہر سے گزرتے ہوئے اس میں مالک کے ارادہ کے بغیر خود ہی اس نے پانی پی لیا تو یہ بھی مالک کے لیے باعث ثواب بن جاتا ہے۔

دوسرا شخص جس کے لیے اس کا گھوڑا باعث معافی، پردہ بنتا ہے۔ یہ وہ شخص ہے جس نے لوگوں سے بےپرواہ رہنے اور لوگوں ( کے سامنے سوال کرنے سے ) بچنے کے لیے اسے پالا اور اس گھوڑے کی گردن پر جو اللہ تعالیٰ کا حق ہے اور اس کی پیٹھ کو جو حق ہے اسے بھی وہ ادا کرتا رہتا ہے۔

تو گھوڑا اس کے لیے باعث معافی، پردہ بن جاتا ہے اور جو شخص گھوڑا اپنے دروازے پر فخر اور دکھاوے اور اسلام دشمنی کی غرض سے باندھتا ہے، وہ اس کے لیے وبال ہے۔

نبی کریم صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم سے گدھوں کے متعلق پوچھا گیا تو آپ صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم نے فرمایا کہ اللہ تعالیٰ نے اس کے متعلق مجھ پر خاص آیت سوا اس اکیلی عام اور جامع آیت کے نازل نہیں کی «فمن يعمل مثقال ذرة خيرا يره * ومن يعمل مثقال ذرة شرا يره‏» الخ یعنی ”جو کوئی ذرہ بھر نیکی کرے گا وہ اسے بھی لے گا دیکھ لے گا اور جو کوئی ذرہ بھر برائی کرے گا وہ اسے بھی دیکھ لے گا۔“

Telah menceritakan kepada kami [Isma'il bin Abdullah] Telah menceritakan kepada kami [Malik] dari [Zaid bin Aslam] dari [Abu Shalih Asy Syamman] dari [Abu Hurairah] radliallahu 'anhu, bahwasanya; Rasulullah shallallahu 'alaihi wasallam bersabda: "Yang memiliki kuda itu ada tiga kelompok. Yaitu; Bagi seorang yang dengannya ia mendapatkan ganjaran pahala kebaikan.

Kedua, seorang yang kudanya sebagai penjaga kehormatan (solusi, penyelesaian). Sedangkan yang terakhir, adalah seorang yang memiliki kuda, namun yang ia dapatkan hanyalah dosa. Bagi yang mendapatkan pahala adalah seseorang yang menggunakannya di jalan Allah, lalu ia meletakkannya di dalam pinggiran kolam atau kebun, maka apa yang ia makan atau minum di sutu adalah bernilai kebaikan untuknya.

Atau ia meninggalkannya ditempat, lalu kuda itu pun menaiki satu bukit atau dua bukit, maka bekas kaki atau kotorannya adalah bernilai kebaikan untuknya. Dan bila kuda itu melewati aliran sungai lalu meminum air darinya, meskipun pemiliknya tidak bermaksud untuk memberinya minum, maka itu merupakan kebaikan baginya. Karena itulah, pemiliknya akan mendapatkan kebaikan yang banyak.

Kemudian seorang yang memiliki kuda sebagai alat untuk mencari kekayaan dan menjaga kehormatan diri, namun ia juga tidak melupakan hal Allah pada leher dan punggung kudanya, maka kuda itu akan menjadi penyelesai kebutuhannya. Kemudian yang ketiga, adalah seorang yang memelihara kuda dengan maksud kebanggaan, dan riya`, maka karena itulah ia mendapatkan dosa."

Kemudian Rasulullah shallallahu 'alaihi wasallam ditanya tentang Himar. Maka beliau pun bersabda: "Allah tidak menurunkan ayat berkenaan dengannya kecuali ayat yang maknanya luas dan mencakup, 'FAMAN YA'MAL MITSQAALA DZARRAH KHAIRAN YARAH, WA MAN YA'MAL MITSQAALA DZARRATIN SYARRAN YARAH (Barangsiapa yang melakukan kebaikan sekecil biji Dzarrah, maka ia akan melihat pahalanya, dan siapa yang melakukan keburukan sekecil biji Dzarrah, niscaya juga akan melihat dampak buruknya)

Bize Mâlik, Zeyd ibn Eslem'den; o da Ebû Salih es-Semmânî'den; o da Ebû Hureyre (radıyallahü anh)'den tahdîs etti ki, Rasûlüllah(sallallahü aleyhi ve sellem) şöyle buyurmuştur: "Atlar şu üç kimseye âid olur: Bir kimse için ecirdir, bir kimse için ihtiyâcına bir perdedir, bir kimse üzerine de bir günâhtır. At kendisi için ecir ve sevâb olan kimseye gelince, o atını Allah yolunda (cihâd için) bağlamıştır, atın bağını da bol otlu geniş bir sahada veya çayırlıkta uzatmıştır.

Bu bol otlu sahadan veya çayırlıktan atın bu uzun ipinde iken yediği her ot, sahibi için birer hasenedir, iyiliktir. Hele bir de atın ipi kopsa da şahlanarak bir veya iki yükseklik -yahut bir iki mil kadar- neşât ile koşsa, yerde tırnaklarının bıraktığı izleri ve onun gübreleri de sahibi için haseneler olur. Bir de hayvan bu arada bir nehre uğrayıp da ondan içerse -sahibi sulamak istememiş olsa bile- bu su da sahibi için haseneler, iyilikler olur.

İşte cihâd için bağlanan bu gaza atı, sahibi için büyük bir ecirdir. kimse de atını halka muhtaç olmamak, iffetini korumak için bağlar da sonra bu kimse gerek hayvanların üzerindeki Allah hakkını, gerek arkalarına takatlerinden fazla yüklememeyi unutmazsa, bu at da o kimse için (fakirliğe karşı) bir perdedir. kimse de atını öğünmek için, gösteriş için ve müslümânlara düşmanlık için bağlarsa, bu hayvan da onun üzerine büyük bir vizrdir".

merkeblerden soruldu da, O: "Onlar hakkında Allah bana her hükmü toplayıcı bir vecize olan şu âyetten başka birşey indirmedi:Her kim zerre ağırlığınca bir hayır yapıyor idiyse onu görecek; kim de zerre ağırlığınca bir şerr yapıyor idiyse onu görecek(Âyet: 7-8)". de zerre ağırlığınca şerr yapıyor idiyse onu görecek” (Âyet:)

Sahih al-Bukhari 4962, Book 65, Prophetic Commentary on the Qur'an (Tafseer of the Prophet (pbuh)), Hadith 484. 2 min read

What it means

The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) clarified some types of properties and mentioned the recompense of those who do not pay their Zakah on the Day of Judgment. Such properties include: First: Gold and silver and what is similar to them, including money and commercial goods, which are subject to Zakah but were not paid.

In this case, they are melted down and poured in the form of plates and heated in the fire of Hell and used to torment their owner, searing therewith his side, forehead, and back. Whenever they cool down, they are reheated, and he continues being tormented in such a way throughout the Day of Judgment, the length of which is fifty thousand years, until Allah judges between the creation and he becomes either from the dwellers of Paradise or Hellfire. Second: The owner of camels who does not pay their Zakah and the right due on them, including milking them for the needy who are present.

In this case, such camels are brought, and they are huge, fat, and more in number than they were. Their owner will be laid down, thrown, and stretched for them on the Day of Judgment on a wide, level land where they can trample him with their hooves and bite him with their teeth. Whenever the last of them passes over him, the first of them will be made to return to pass over him, and he continues being tormented in such a way throughout the Day of Judgment, the length of which is fifty thousand years, until Allah judges between the creation and he becomes either from the dwellers of Paradise or Hellfire. Third: The owner of cows and sheep—sheep and goats—who does not pay the Zakah due on them.

In this case, they are brought in great numbers, more than they were, and nothing will be missing thereof. He will be laid down, thrown, and stretched for them on the Day of Judgment on a wide level land. None of them will have a twisted horn, no horn, or a broken horn; rather, they will be in perfect shape. They will gore him with their horns and trample him with their hooves.

Whenever the last of them passes over him, the first of them will be made to return to pass over him. and he will continue being tormented in such a way throughout the Day of Judgment, the length of which is fifty thousand years, until Allah judges between the creation and he becomes either from the dwellers of Paradise or Hellfire. Fourth: The owner of horses, and he is one of three types: First: They are a burden for him, and this is the person who keeps them for the sake of showing off,

boasting, and waging war against Muslims. Second: They are a shield for him, and this is the person who keeps them for Jihad in the cause of Allah and treats them kindly, foddering and feeding them, and lending their males for breeding. Third: They are a reward for him, and this is the person who keeps them for Jihad in the cause of Allah for the Muslims' benefit.

They are kept in a meadow and pasture to graze. Whatever they eat is recorded for him as good deeds, and their dung and urine are recorded for him as good deeds as well. They do not break their halter, i.e., the rope used for tethering them, run, and gallop in high lands, except that Allah will record for him the number of their hoof marks and their dung as good deeds.

Moreover, their owner will not take them past a river from which they drink, although he did not intend to water them, except that Allah will record for him the amount of what they drink as good deeds. Then the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) was asked about donkeys and whether they are like horses. He said: No legislation has been revealed regarding them in particular except that unique verse,

which generally refers to all types of acts of obedience and sins, namely the verse in which Allah Almighty says: {So whoever does an atom’s weight of good will see it, and whoever does an atom’s weight of evil will see it.} [Surat az-Zalzalah: 7-8] So, whoever possesses donkeys as an act of obedience will attain reward for that, and whoever keeps them to commit sins will be punished for that, and this is a general ruling that includes all deeds.

What it teaches

  • Paying Zakah is obligatory and withholding it entails a stern warning.
  • One who withholds Zakah out of indolence is not a disbeliever but he is in great danger.
  • Man gets rewarded for the details that occur while performing an act of obedience, even if he did not have such details in mind, as long as he has intended the act of obedience itself.
  • There are due rights in one's wealth other than Zakah.
  • Among the rights due in camels is to milk them for the needy who are present in the place where the camels are watered because it is easier for the needy than going to homes and kinder to the cattle. Ibn Battāl said: There are two due rights in one's wealth: an individual obligation and another, and milking is among the rights pertaining to noble morals.
  • Among the due rights in camels, cows, and sheep is lending their males for breeding in case of being requested.
  • The ruling on donkeys and everything else that is not mentioned by name in religious texts is: They are included in the statement of Allah Almighty: {So whoever does an atom’s weight of good will see it, and whoever does an atom’s weight of evil will see it.}
  • The verse encourages doing good deeds, even if little, and warns against doing evil deeds, even if trivial.

From the Encyclopedia of Translated Prophetic Hadiths, hadeethenc.com.

The chain

Who passed it on, from Imam al-Bukhari back to the one who was there.

  1. 1Imam al-BukhariCompiler, died 256 AH
  2. 2Ismail ibn Abi UwaysTold us, Fourth generation, died 226 AH
  3. 3Malik ibn AnasTold us, Third generation, died 178 AH
  4. 4Zayd ibn AslamFrom, Successor, died 135 AH
  5. 5Abu Salih as-SammanFrom, Successor, died 101 AH
  6. 6Abu HurayrahFrom, Companion, died 57 AH

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